India and Pakistan face new conflicts. Look at their relationship – National
Earlier on Wednesday, India attacked several locations inside Pakistan, two weeks after a fatal attack on tourists in disputed Kashmir, which attacked relations between neighbors.
India accused Pakistan of supporting the massacre, and Pakistan alleged that 26 men, mainly Indian Hindus, were killed.
Soldiers on both sides have actually exchanged fires since the killing, and each accused each other of shooting first. The two countries expel diplomats and citizens, ordered the closure of borders and spaces between each other.
Here are several conflicts between the two countries since the bloody division in 1947:
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1947 – British India A few months later, India India India India India and Muslim-majority Pakistan into several months, the two young countries fought the first war on the control of Muslim-majority Kashmir, and then the kingdom ruled by Indian monarchs. The war killed thousands of people before the end of 1948.
1949 – The unexperienced ceasefire line split Kashmir between India and Pakistan and promised a nonsponsored vote that would allow the people of the region to decide whether to become Pakistan or India. That ticket has never been held.
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1965 – Competitors fight against the Second War in Kashmir. Thousands of battles were killed before the Soviet Union and the United States promoted a ceasefire. The negotiations held by Tashkent lasted until January 1966, with both sides returning to the territory they captured during the war and withdrawing their troops.
1971 – India broke out in a war on East Pakistan's independence, which had the territory as the new state of Bangladesh. An estimated 3 million people were killed in the conflict.
1972 – India and Pakistan signed a peace agreement to rename the ceasefire line in Kashmir to the “Road to Fight”. Both sides deployed more troops at the border, turning them into a large number of strengthened military posts.
1989 – With Pakistan's support, Kashmir dissidents launched a bloody rebellion against Indian rule. The Indian army has taken brutal measures to intensify diplomatic and military skirmishes between New Delhi and Islamabad.
1999 – Pakistani soldiers and Kashmir fighters occupied several Himalayas on the Indian side. India responded with air bombing and artillery. At least 1,000 combatants were killed in 10 weeks, and a worrying world feared that the battle could escalate into nuclear conflict. The United States eventually intervened in mediation and ended the battle.
2016 – Militants infiltrate an army base in India-controlled Kashmir and kill at least 18 soldiers. India responded by sending special forces within Pakistan-controlled territory, which later claimed to have killed several suspected rebels in a “surgery strike”. Pakistan denied a strike, but it led to a major border conflict for several days. Fighters and civilians on both sides were killed.
2019 – Kashmir insurgents drove an explosive car into a bus with Indian soldiers, the two sides approached the war again, killing 40 people. Pakistan later shot down Indian fighter jets and captured a pilot. He was later released, putting tensions in trouble.
2025 – Militants attacked Indian tourists at Pahalgam, a resort in the region, and killed 26 men, most of them Hindu. India accused Pakistan of denying it. India vowed to take revenge on the attackers as tensions rose to its highest point since 2019. The two countries canceled visas for each other's citizens, recalled diplomats, closed their only land crossings, and closed spaces for each other. New Delhi also suspended a vital moisture sharing treaty.
& Copy 2025 Canadian Press
