U.S. President Donald Trump assured voters that his administration would conduct mass deportations of unauthorized people in the country if elected for a second time, which they seem far from pursuing.
But many refugee-advocating groups say the United States is now taking a rough attitude towards its principles as a signator in international refugee treaties and its own legislation.
In particular, the non-liberation principle is an obligation to not return immigration to the country of origin or third party states, when their life or freedom is due to race, religion or nationality, according to the United Nations, or under the United Nations or where they may have suffered human rights violations.
These principles are challenged in court because the United States handles a large number of immigration on its borders. The last administration has limited only the Supreme Court case, allowing Trump to be terminated in his first term, in which asylum seekers from other countries are sent to Mexico to await claims for U.S. refugees.
The Trump administration has resumed the program, known as the immigration protection program, but refugee advocates say many immigrants waiting in Mexico for the first time lack protection as some of them allegedly kidnapped and attacked, including sexual assault by a young boy who was allegedly El Salvador.
In some cases, the United States has not reached a foreign agreement with certain immigrants' countries of origin, but increasingly deports people to third countries without notice.
U.S. Secretary of State Marco Rubio recently said the goal was to expel “some of the meanest humans,” but from reports that many people who were expelled from Kejin were not suitable for this trait.
Here are some countries that work with the United States, or have reportedly discussed with Washington.
Confirmed
It is estimated that so far, 200 immigrants, including 80 children, have been deported costa rica. Immigration is sent to a rural camp in Central American countries, from Afghanistan, Russia, China, Pakistan, India and elsewhere.
Costa Rica announced that for humanitarian reasons, most people who are deported will receive a three-month permit, during which time they can seek asylum or arrange a way to travel to another country.
The country's English-language newspaper, TICO Times, reported that the terms agreed to by the country with the White House were not transparent.
President Rodrigo Chavez is straightforward about the basics of cooperation: “We are helping the North’s economically powerful brothers who would mess us up if they collect taxes in our free trade zone.”
The humanitarian group Refugee International said the arrangements “seem to be an effort agreement” to “promote human rights violations to avoid punishing the U.S. economic measures.”
At least on the surface, the Costa Rican government appears willing to protect immigrants.
“If the person has sufficient fear of returning to the country, we will never send them back,” Omer Badilla, head of the Costa Rica Immigration Agency, told the New York Times last month. “We will protect them.”
The Trump administration sends to about 300 immigrants Panama In February, some said they had no warning about where they were going. Initially, they were unable to leave the Panama City Hotel and were transported to temporary facilities in the gap in Darien.
Like Costa Rica, government officials said they were eligible to apply for a temporary humanitarian permit to stay in Panama, although the U.S. embassy in Panama in a May 6 statement raised the fact that 81 facts from countries such as Cameroon, Nepal and Bangladesh have been boarded again, apparently in order to make their country belong to their country.
Panama is an interesting case because during Joe Biden's tenure, a deal was reached with the United States for the first time in 2024 and has been described as the administration's “first attempt to fund foreign countries expelled from abroad.”
Central American countries face a wave of immigration on the Darien gap route that is dangerously transited, and Washington seeks to reduce those numbers. At the time, the pilot program was said to cost $6 million, but the U.S. Embassy said in a statement in May that it provided about $14 million to Panama.
To date, much of the focus on deportation of third-party U.S. nationals has been on El Salvador. Trump and that country's president, Nayib Bukele, arranged their arrangements at a recent White House meeting.
The Trump administration has made the case for why more than 230 Venezuelan immigrants were deported not only to a strange country, but were issued to one of El Salvado's most notorious prisons without a criminal trial.
A Democratic lawmaker said the Trump administration is paying up to $15 million to El Salvador, and more than one judge questioned some immigrants as vague claims and thin evidence from gang members.
The Trump administration has expelled more than 200 immigrants by invoking the Alien Enemy Act, a wartime measure, saying they are members of Venezuelan gang Tren de Aragya. Andrew Chang explains how Trump interprets the language of the 1798 law to avoid the standard immigration court system and why experts say it is a slippery slope.
As mentioned earlier, Mexico It is reported that immigrants from other countries expelled from the United States have been re-accepted to immigration, and so far more than 5,400 people have been brought in. President Claudia Sheinbaum recently said: “Most of them voluntarily decide to return to their country,” but the status of others is unclear.
President Guatemala Tell NBC News it is willing to seize third nationals from the United States, but does not expect “large amounts of people” in the category. Since the February comments, it is not clear whether anything has been accepted.
Other reports destinations
Reports appeared earlier this month when the U.S. sent some deportations to Libyawith the intervention of federal judges, these plans temporarily hindered. In the past few years, the country has become the treatment of immigrants from or other African countries returning from the European coast.
Human Rights Watch said in a statement that the prospect of cooperation between Washington and Libya is “dystopian.”
“Libya's abuse of immigrants is notorious, and its detention center is a cave of hell, and refugees have nowhere to seek protection,” said Hanan Salah, deputy director of the group's Middle East and North Africa.
Olivier Nduhungirehe, Foreign Minister Rwandaconfirmed to the Associated Press in early May that negotiations with the United States were negotiated on potential agreements for hosting deported immigrants after telling state media that negotiations were in “early stages.”
Paul Kagame, a long-time Rwanda dictator, didn’t really object to his re-choice, as numerous human rights groups accuse his regime of illegally detaining or vanishing dissidents and political enemies.
The United States will not be the first country to view Rwanda as an immigration destination. The British Supreme Court said in a ruling that Rwanda cannot be regarded as a secure third country, and that the British conservative government is ready to do so, even after the British Supreme Court ruled in a ruling, it was re-enacted legislation. After winning the 2024 general election, Labour canceled the plan and ultimately no immigrants were sent there.
Are other governments seeking compensation from the United States in exchange for receiving immigration? It is not clear yet, but Equatorial Guinea Recently, it was said on X that a discussion was conducted with the United States, and this assertion was not independently confirmed. The country is ranked highest on the list of Transparent International's most corrupt countries every year and is led by the world's longest-serving dictator.
The Washington Post cited documents reviewed by the U.S. government and reported on May 6 that the White House urged Ukraine Accept unspecified expellers from other countries. It is unclear what the Ukrainian government's response was, and the Ministry of Homeland Security did not comment on the position.
After Trump's invasion of the Russian government in early 2022, under the Biden administration, he spent hundreds of billions of dollars on military and humanitarian aid in Ukraine. The Trump-led White House has sought support in return, and both countries have recently agreed to a joint investment fund to leverage Ukraine's mineral resources.
